Chapter 9 – Choking Rescue Maneuvers

Airway obstruction by foreign objects is one of the most frequent household accidents in children, usually affecting kids aged 0 to 4, especially boys. This is likely because children under four still have incomplete dentition, and boys tend to be more active than girls.

Between 6 months and 18 months, children begin eating solid foods and become increasingly eager to explore their environment, often putting objects into their mouths. However, their motor coordination is still immature, their airways are narrow, and they have not fully developed chewing and swallowing abilities.
This is why: Children should never be left alone while eating, Small hard objects that could fit in their mouths should be kept out of reach to prevent ingestion or inhalation.

A sudden cough or cry while a child is eating or playing may indicate ingestion or inhalation of a foreign object. If the child is coughing and crying this means the object is not completely blocking the airway, and there’s still airflow. In this case: Encourage them to keep coughing forcefully, Do not shake or pat their back, as this might push the object deeper, If the child fails to expel the object, call emergency services (112) immediately.

If the child suddenly becomes pale,, Lips turn blue, Unable to cough or cry. This means the airway is completely blocked. In this case: Call 112 immediately, Begin pediatric choking rescue maneuvers (not detailed here to avoid confusion).

Parents-to-be and anyone caring for small children are strongly encouraged to attend a pediatric first aid demonstration.
These are often: Free of charge, Offered by the Italian Red Cross, hospitals, childcare institutions, and baby stores. Watching demonstrations and taking detailed notes is the best way to learn the proper technique and be ready in case of emergency.

Helpful resources and videos are available on the website and YouTube channel of the Italian Red Cross (32).